Here’s a comprehensive list of shortcuts for the Vi editor in Linux.

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🔹 Basic Vi Commands

Command	Description
vi filename	Open a file in Vi editor
i	Insert mode (start editing)
Esc	Exit insert mode
:w	Save the file
:q	Quit Vi
:q!	Quit without saving
:wq or ZZ	Save and quit
:x	Save and quit (same as :wq)
:w filename	Save as a new file

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🔹 Navigation Commands

Command	Description
h	Move left
l	Move right
j	Move down
k	Move up
0	Move to the beginning of the line
^	Move to the first non-blank character of the line
$	Move to the end of the line
w	Move to the next word
e	Move to the end of the current/next word
b	Move to the beginning of the previous word
gg	Move to the beginning of the file
G	Move to the end of the file
ng	Move to line number n (e.g., 5G moves to line 5)
Ctrl + d	Scroll down half a screen
Ctrl + u	Scroll up half a screen
Ctrl + f	Scroll forward one full screen
Ctrl + b	Scroll backward one full screen

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🔹 Editing and Inserting

Command	Description
i	Insert at the cursor position
I	Insert at the beginning of the line
a	Append after the cursor
A	Append at the end of the line
o	Open a new line below the cursor
O	Open a new line above the cursor
r	Replace a single character
R	Replace multiple characters (overwrite mode)
x	Delete character under the cursor
X	Delete character before the cursor
dd	Delete (cut) the entire line
yy	Copy (yank) the entire line
p	Paste after the cursor
P	Paste before the cursor
u	Undo the last action
Ctrl + r	Redo the last undone action
J	Join the current line with the next line

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🔹 Deleting (Cut) Commands

Command	Description
dw	Delete a word
de	Delete to the end of the current word
d$	Delete from cursor to end of line
D	Delete from cursor to end of line (same as d$)
d0	Delete from cursor to beginning of line
dd	Delete the current line
dG	Delete from current line to end of file
dgg	Delete from current line to beginning of file

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🔹 Copy & Paste (Yank)

Command	Description
yy or Y	Copy the current line
yw	Copy a word
y$	Copy to the end of the line
y0	Copy to the beginning of the line
p	Paste after the cursor
P	Paste before the cursor

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🔹 Search & Replace

Command	Description
/text	Search forward for “text”
?text	Search backward for “text”
n	Repeat last search in the same direction
N	Repeat last search in the opposite direction
:%s/old/new/g	Replace all occurrences of “old” with “new” in the file
:s/old/new/g	Replace all occurrences of “old” with “new” in the current line
:s/old/new/gc	Replace with confirmation

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🔹 Working with Multiple Files

Command	Description
:e filename	Open another file in Vi
:bn	Go to the next buffer (file)
:bp	Go to the previous buffer (file)
:bd	Close the current buffer
:sp filename	Open file in a new horizontal split
:vs filename	Open file in a new vertical split
Ctrl + w + w	Switch between split windows

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🔹 Marks & Jumps

Command	Description
ma	Mark the current position as “a”
'a	Jump to the marked position “a”
	Jump back to the last cursor position
Ctrl + o	Jump to the previous location
Ctrl + i	Jump forward to the next location

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🔹 Visual Mode (Selection)

Command	Description
v	Start visual mode (character selection)
V	Start line selection mode
Ctrl + v	Start block selection mode (column selection)
y	Copy the selected text
d	Delete the selected text
>	Indent the selected text
<	Un-indent the selected text

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🔹 Advanced Commands

Command	Description
:set number	Show line numbers
:set nonumber	Hide line numbers
:set ignorecase	Ignore case in searches
:set noignorecase	Case-sensitive searches
:set hlsearch	Highlight search results
:set nohlsearch	Remove search highlights
:set wrap	Enable text wrapping
:set nowrap	Disable text wrapping

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🔹 Exiting Vi

Command	Description
:q	Quit Vi (only if no changes were made)
:q!	Quit without saving changes
:wq or ZZ	Save and quit
:x	Save and quit (same as :wq)

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🎯 Bonus: Vi Cheat Sheet

• Insert Mode: i, I, a, A, o, O
• Navigation: h, l, j, k, w, b, 0, $
• Editing: x, dd, yy, p, P, u, Ctrl + r
• Search: /text, ?text, n, N
• Replace: :%s/old/new/g
• Exit: :q, :q!, :wq, ZZ

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🚀 Practice These Commands

To master Vi, start practicing:

1. Open a file with vi filename
2. Navigate with h, l, j, k
3. Edit with i, a, o
4. Save with :w, quit with :q
5. Experiment with cut (d), copy (y), paste (p)
6. Search (/text), Replace (:%s/old/new/g)

Let me know if you need any specific Vi commands! 🚀🔥